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A doctor who specialises in diagnosing and treating disorders of the nervous system.
A neurologist specialises in the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of conditions and diseases involving the central and peripheral nervous system; or, the equivalent meaning, the autonomic nervous systems and the somatic nervous systems, including their coverings, blood vessels, and all effect or tissue, such as muscle. [FEDHEALTH Book-2016]
A Neurologist is a medical doctor who diagnoses, treats and manages disorders of the brain and nervous system. Neurologist is specializes in diagnosing and treating conditions that affect the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Neurologists specialize in treating and diagnosing disorders that affect the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system, including headaches, sleep disorders, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, neuropathic pain, dementia, Parkinson's disease and stroke. Neurologists also looks after Neonatal Encephalopathy (Brain Injury), Migraine, Dementia, Diabetic Neuropathy (nerve damage), Meningitis, Epilepsy, Neurological Complications from Preterm Birth, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Nervous System Cancers.

A doctor who specialises in dealing with disorders of the heart.

Cardiologists are physicians who provide medical diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease and electrophysiology. They help to prevent various types of cardiovascular problems.

Cardiologists can also treat a wide range of heart and vascular problems like Atherosclerosis, High blood pressure. High cholesterol, Angina (chest pain), Cardiac arrest, Heart failure, Heart attack, Blood clots, Cardiogenic shock, Heart Problems, Heart Abnormalities, Cardiomyopathy, Myocarditis, Stroke.

As per https://jointsdgfund.org/ SDG 3 aspires to ensure health and well-being for all, including a bold commitment to end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and other communicable diseases by 2030. It also aims to achieve universal health coverage, and provide access to safe and effective medicines and vaccines for all.

And according to https://www.un.org/ : A significant portion of the global population still lacks access to vital healthcare services. To bridge this gap and ensure equitable healthcare provision, addressing disparities is critical. Various determinants of health, including environmental and commercial factors, need attention to pave the way for achieving our common objective of Health for All and achieving the Sustainable Development Goal targets.

1. By 2030, aim to lower the global maternal mortality rate to fewer than 70 deaths per 100,000 live births.

2. By 2030, eliminate preventable deaths among newborns and children under 5 years old. All countries should strive to decrease neonatal mortality to at least 12 per 1,000 live births and under-5 mortality to no more than 25 per 1,000 live births.

3. By 2030, eradicate the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and neglected tropical diseases, while also combating hepatitis, water-borne diseases, and other communicable illnesses.

4. By 2030, reduce premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by one-third through prevention, treatment, and by promoting mental health and well-being.

5. Enhance efforts to prevent and treat substance abuse, including the misuse of narcotic drugs and alcohol.

6. By 2020, aim to reduce by half the number of deaths and injuries caused by road traffic accidents worldwide.

7. By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health services, including family planning, information, education, and the integration of reproductive health into national policies and programs.

8. Achieve universal health coverage, encompassing financial risk protection, access to essential quality healthcare services, and access to safe, effective, high-quality, and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for everyone.

9. By 2030, significantly reduce the number of deaths and illnesses resulting from exposure to hazardous chemicals and from air, water, and soil pollution and contamination.

10. Enhance the implementation of the World Health Organization’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control across all countries as appropriate.

11. Promote research and development of vaccines and medicines for communicable and non-communicable diseases that primarily affect developing countries, and ensure access to affordable essential medicines and vaccines. This should be in line with the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health, which upholds the right of developing countries to fully utilize the provisions of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights to protect public health, particularly by ensuring access to medicines for all.

12. Significantly increase health funding and strengthen the recruitment, development, training, and retention of the healthcare workforce in developing countries, especially in the least developed countries and small island developing states.

13. Enhance the capacity of all countries, particularly developing ones, to engage in early warning, risk reduction, and management of national and global health risks.

What’s hindering the achievement of these targets?

Curtesy with Thanks : smsfoundation.org

SDG 3 is particularly important for India, given the challenges faced by its large and diverse population. Despite significant economic progress, India has faced challenges of equity and lack of access to quality health services, particularly in rural areas. With a rise in noncommunicable diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes, the need to address health as a determinant of progress was strongly felt. Due to an archaic patriarchal society, maternal and child health was also often neglected. Thus it was important for policymakers to look at reducing maternal and neonatal mortality and improving nutrition and nutritional deficiencies among children and women.

India has come a long way in achieving SDG 3. Some of the path-breaking initiatives taken by the government in this regard:

  • National Health Mission (NHM). The NHM aims to improve availability and access to affordable and quality healthcare, particularly for those residing in rural areas, the poor, women, and children; providing public health services in the areas of women’s health, child health, water, sanitation, and hygiene, immunization; and nutrition. The NHM created a set of specific targets based on indicators as an important step toward achieving SDG 3.
  • Ayushman Bharat health insurance scheme. This flagship health insurance scheme was launched to provide free healthcare services to the poor and underprivileged sections of society. The ultimate result will be coverage of medical treatment for serious illnesses for about 500 million people.
  • National Programme for Health Care for the Elderly (NPHCE). The objective of NPHCE is to provide separate, specialized, and comprehensive healthcare to the elderly including outreach services.
  • Immunization. India has made considerable progress in immunizing its population against various diseases, including measles, polio, and tetanus. The COVID-19 immunization program was the largest in the world and covered more than 90 percent of the population in a very short time. Undoubtedly, India has made significant progress in this area as part of its efforts to achieve SDG 3.
  • Malaria eradication. India accounted for almost 3 percent of the global malaria burden according to the World Malaria Report in 2019. India has made major progress in recent years in reducing malaria incidence and deaths. There has been a steady decline in the estimated malaria cases with a registered reduction of 24 percent in 2017 compared to 2016, and 28 percent in 2018 compared to 2017.
  • Tobacco abuse. Tobacco use is one of the biggest public health threats in India. It leads to lost lives and has major social and economic costs. The Indian Government has taken several measures to control the use of tobacco Such as the National Tobacco Control Program (NTCP), which aims at reducing tobacco use in India, using measures such as higher taxation, advertising restrictions, health warnings, and cessation services.

Curtesy with Thanks : smsfoundation.org